In the program hangman.py we learned how to slice a string and indexing in the previous assignments, pig latin and swapping letters.

The Connect 4 program can be written using strings.
Here is a little help:

# Using strings:
connect_board = '''|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|'''

# what do the indices look like?

# |  1  |  3  |  5  |  7  |  9  | 11  | 
# | 15  | 17  | 19  | 21  | 23  | 25  | 
# | 29  | 31  | 33  | 35  | 37  | 39  | 
# | 43  | 45  | 47  | 49  | 51  | 53  | 
# | 57  | 59  | 61  | 63  | 65  | 67  | 
# |  1  |  2  |  3  |  4  |  5  |  6  | 
In the last row you have the column numbers.


print('Empty board: ')
print(connect_board)
print( ' 1 2 3 4 5 6 ')
print('\nThe length of the string is ',len(connect_board))


print('')
yesNo = 'y'
while yesNo == 'y':
    column = int(input("Enter the column number "))
    offset = 1
    if column == 2:
        offset = 3
    elif column == 3:
        offset = 5
    elif column == 4:
        offset = 7
    elif column == 5:
        offset = 9
    elif column == 6:
        offset = 11
    empty = True
    position = offset + (14 * 4)
    while empty:
        if connect_board[position] == '_':
            connect_board = connect_board[:position] + 'A' + connect_board[position + 1:]
            print(connect_board)
            print( ' 1 2 3 4 5 6 ')
            empty = False
        else:
            position -= 14

    yesNo = input('More? ')

A test run could look like this:

Empty board: 
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
 1 2 3 4 5 6 


Enter the column number 1
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|_|_|_|
 1 2 3 4 5 6 
More? y
Enter the column number 1
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|_|_|_|
 1 2 3 4 5 6 
More? y
Enter the column number 4
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|A|_|_|
 1 2 3 4 5 6 
More? y
Enter the column number 6
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|A|_|A|
 1 2 3 4 5 6 
More? y
Enter the column number 5
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|A|A|A|
 1 2 3 4 5 6 
More? y
Enter the column number 2
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|A|_|A|A|A|
 1 2 3 4 5 6 
More? y
Enter the column number 1
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|A|_|A|A|A|
 1 2 3 4 5 6 
More? y
Enter the column number 3
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|_|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|_|_|_|_|_|
|A|A|A|A|A|A|
 1 2 3 4 5 6 
More? 

Homework:
Write the pseudocode for the “Connect 4” program. Check edmodo.com for a little help on the pseudocode.

Python Variable scopes

Fix the problem:

#####################################################################
#  YI_MoreOnScopes3.py
#  Mrs. Elia
#  12/18/14
#  variables outside a definition and in other definitions
#
#####################################################################
#  Definitions
#
#####################################################################

def increase():
    num += 150

def decrease():
    num -= 50

## main
num = 100
print(num)
increase()
print(num)
decrease()
print(num)


## desired output:
## 100
## 250
## 200

Hint:

num = 100
print(num)
...increase(...)
print(num)
...decrease(...)
print(num)

Fix this problem

#####################################################################
#  YI_MoreOnScopes4.py
#  Mrs. Elia
#  12/18/14
#  variables outside a definition and in other definitions
#
#####################################################################
#  Definitions
#
#####################################################################

def two_terms():
    term1 = seed1 + seed2
    term2 = seed2 + term1
    return term1
    return term2


## main

seed1 = 3
seed2 = 5
two_terms()
print(...)

## desired output:
## 8 13

Hint:

## main

seed1 = 3
seed2 = 5
...two_terms(...,...)
print(...,...)

The output should be:
8 13

Battleship

The next assignment is to write a python program YI_battleship1.py using the concepts and algorithms learned in Tic-Tac-Toe. In this version of the program you will only limit the board to be 3 x 3 and only 2 ships: one ship has 3 contiguous places and the other ship has 2 contiguous places. The ships could be placed horizontally or vertically. The purpose of this 1st version of the game is for the computer to guess the player’s ships positions. Your program’s algorithm will allow the player to enter the locations for the 2 ships( 2 and 3 places in length).

Classwork:
With a partner, play on paper our version of battleship but for two players.
1. Make sure you follow the rules of the game.
2. Play the game several times with the ships in different locations.
3. Pay attention to the strategy you use to find the ships and to sink them.
4. Categorize the strategies by the specific locations of the ships. (edmodo.com)
5. Write a short paragraph describing the strategy you use. Make sure your description is categorized by the different locations of the ships.(edmodo.com)

NOTE: You can use random to find a ship but once you have a hit, you should not select the next location using random. Develop an intelligent algorithm.

Homework:
Submit your answers to the following posts (edmodo.com)
1. What python feature would you use to hold the information about the ships locations? (e.g. lists, a list of lists, a dictionary, variables or something else)
2. Describe how you would access that information based on your choice in the previous question.
3. Given that a 3-place ship is located at the upper left corner of the board, write the pseudocode to sink it.

Continuing to prepare for the Battleship program

Classwork:

1. On a piece of paper decide in which edge you will place a 2 or 3-square ship.

2. Write a program, YI_4Edges.py to prompt the user for one of the edges locations on the 3 x 3 board and based on the user’s response write the code to find the ship and sink it.
– Use a list of three lists with 3 items each.
– Randomly select the edges where the program will place the ship.

Programming Project: The Wheel of Fortune
…

1. Understand the game thoroughly!
2. Draft your program using either pseudocode or flowchart
3. What can you take and adapt from the hangman.py program.
   

Hangman Game
More on lists:
What is the output from the next code snippet?

>>> wordIndex = 2
>>> print(wordIndex)
2
>>> print(['biology','chemistry','physics','algebra'][wordIndex])
physics
>>> 

Displaying the Board to the Player

def displayBoard(HANGMANPICS, missedLetters, correctLetters, secretWord):
    print(HANGMANPICS[len(missedLetters)])
    print()

    print('Missed letters:', end=' ')
    for letter in missedLetters:
        print(letter, end=' ')
    print()

    blanks = '_' * len(secretWord)

    for i in range(len(secretWord)): # replace blanks with correctly guessed letters
        if secretWord[i] in correctLetters:
            blanks = blanks[:i] + secretWord[i] + blanks[i+1:]

    for letter in blanks: # show the secret word with spaces in between each letter
        print(letter, end=' ')
    print()

Open a new window and create a python program, YI_displayBoard.py and copy the following code:

secretWord = 'apple'
blanks = '_' * len(secretWord)
correctLetters = 'l'
blanks

for i in range(len(secretWord)): # replace blanks with correctly guessed letters
    if secretWord[i] in correctLetters:
        blanks = blanks[:i] + secretWord[i] + blanks[i+1:]

for letter in blanks: # show the secret word with spaces in between each letter
    print(letter, end=' ')
print()

Change the correctLetters variable and play with the program until you figure out how it works.
There is a post in edmodo.com for you to submit the file and to explain how the program works.

Homework:
Write YI_WheelOfFortune.py using what you learned from Hangman.py

1. Have the variable secretWord changed to secretPhrase and have a value assigned to it.
2. Prompt the user for a letter and display it in the right positions if it is in the secretPhrase. Otherwise, send a message to the player “incorrect” and keep track of how many times the player guesses the wrong letters.
3. Terminate the game after 5 tries. Display “game over” if it fails. Otherwise, displays “You are a winner!!” and add message with the prize(s)

Classwork:

Two ways to create a dictionary in python:
1.

grocery1 = {'lettuce': 1.99, 'tomato': 0.49, 'onion': 0.35, 'olives': 0.99}

2.

grocery2 = {}
grocery2['lettuce'] = 1.99
grocery2['tomato'] = 0.49
grocery2['onion'] = 0.35
grocery2['olives'] = 0.99
grocery2
{'olives': 0.99, 'tomato': 0.49, 'onion': 0.35, 'lettuce': 1.99}

Two ways to insert a new key-value pair to the dictionary:
1.

grocery1['lemon'] = 0.78
grocery1
{'olives': 0.99, 'lemon': 0.78, 'tomato': 0.49, 'onion': 0.35, 'lettuce': 1.99}

2.

grocery1.update({'potato':1.10})
grocery1
{'lemon': 0.78, 'onion': 0.35, 'potato': 1.1, 'olives': 0.99, 'tomato': 0.49, 'lettuce': 1.99}

Two ways to create a list of the keys of the dictionary:
1.

keys = grocery1.keys()
keys
dict_keys(['lemon', 'onion', 'potato', 'olives', 'tomato', 'lettuce'])
for key in keys:
print(grocery1[key], end = '-')
0.78-0.35-1.1-0.99-0.49-1.99-

print(keys)
dict_keys(['onion', 'tomato', 'olives', 'lettuce'])
for key in keys:
print(key, end = ' ')
onion tomato olives lettuce

2.

keys_list = list(grocery1.keys())
keys_list
['lemon', 'onion', 'potato', 'olives', 'tomato', 'lettuce']
 

Two ways to create a list of values:
1.

values_list = []
for key in keys:
    values_list += [grocery1[key]]

values_list
[0.78, 0.35, 1.1, 0.99, 0.49, 1.99]
 

2.

val_list = grocery1.values()
val_list
dict_values([0.78, 0.35, 1.1, 0.99, 0.49, 1.99])
 

More to know:

x = 'lemon' in grocery
x
True

y = 'carrot' in grocery
y
False

How to delete a key-value entry pair from a dictionary:

grocery1 = {'lettuce': 1.99, 'tomato': 0.49, 'onion': 0.35, 'olives': 0.99}
del grocery1['lettuce']
grocery1
{'onion': 0.35, 'tomato': 0.49, 'olives': 0.99}

In edmodo.com
Homework:
Answer the following questions in edmodo.com

1. Do lists allow duplicate elements? what about dictionaries?

adict = {'a':1,'b':2,'a':4}
adict
{'a': 4, 'b': 2}

2. What are two ways to insert key–> value pairs into a dictionary.
3. Can different ‘types’ of keys be used in the same dictionary?
4. What happens when you try entering a value for a key that is already in the dictionary?
5. Create a scenario in which you would use a dictionary (without using the grocery example from these slides), and explain why you’d use a dictionary rather than a list.

Gota, you were right. Here is another way to add a key-value pair to a dictionary from stackoverflow.com

x = {1:2}
print x
{1: 2}

x.update({3:4})
print x
{1: 2, 3: 4}

Dictionaries in python

Interesting code found in some python Scrabble programs:

word = input("Enter a four letter word ")
word = word.upper()
letterNum = {'A':1,'E':1,'D':2,'R':2,'B':3,'M':3,'V':4,'Y':4,'J':8,'X':8}

What does the following line print?

print(letterNum['A'])

How was it used in the scrabble program?
One possible answer:

value = 0
for i in word:
    value += letterNum[i]

print(value)

Another possible answer:

letterValue = [0,0,0,0]
for i in range(4):
    letterValue[i] = letterNum[word[i]]

print(letterValue)

Classwork:
Work in python’s shell and copy and paste your work on edmodo.com’s post: Dictionary – Clwk 1/8 – Basic Concepts

Create a dictionary: ‘hello’ is the key and ‘hola’ is the value

spanishDictionary = {'hello':'hola','goodbye':'adios','one':'uno','two':'dos'}

Access a value with the key

word = input("what word would like to translate to spanish? ")
palabra = spanishDictionary[word]

Add a new key and value:

spanishDictionary.update({'blue':'azul'})
print(len(spanishDictionary))

Delete a key and the value:

del(spanishDictionary['blue'])

Replace the value of a key:

spanishDictionary['goodbye'] = 'chau'

Remove all items:

spanishDictionary.clear()

You can have a different type of value:

numbers = {'one':1,'two':2,'three':3,'four':4,'five':5}


print( numbers['two'] * numbers['three'])

You can have a different type of key and a different type of value:

numbers = {90:0,91:1,92:2,93:3}

print(numbers[92] * numbers[93])

Homework:
Add ten more words to the dictionary. Write a sentence in English and then translate it to Spanish or the language you chose. Add this new code to the original post.

Classwork: having fun with lists.

DIY Mad libs: Write your own mad lib program, YI_MadLibs.py using lists. You might want to have a theme.
Recipe:
1. Create 9 lists for adjectives, adverbs, nouns or plural nouns, verbs, exclamations, numbers, colors, and names. You can prompt the user for name to fill your list of names but all the other lists should already contained the items.

1. Generate 9 random digits one for each of the lists. The range will depend on the number of items each list has.
2. Create a sentence with the choice of each list. Make sure you put them in the right order!
3. Prompt the user whether he or she wants to play again.

NOTE:
Adjectives: describes something (green, squishy, cute)
Adverbs: describes an action (quickly, carefully, silently)
Nouns: person, place or thing (car, house, child)
Plural noun: people, places or things (cars, houses, children)
Verbs: an action (run, jump, swim)
Exclamations: wow!, oh!, yuck!

Something to keep in mind:
Find the words for your lists in such a way that fit “nicely” into your theme sentence.

You can play with this site to get an idea:

Dictionaries

Assignment:
Write a python program, YI_MySpanishDictionary.py using functions and dictionaries.

Note: You can use a different language. Name your program according to the language you are using.
• Hardcode a dictionary’s english word (key) and its spanish translation (value) for several english words (entries in the dictionary)
• Display a menu for the user to choose:
  1. Translate an english word
  2. Display all english words in the dictionary
  3. Add new english/spanish entries
  4. Delete english/spanish entries.

• Include an introduction
• Exit the program properly
• Do not forget to keep your code well documented
• Pasting your code on the post is a requirement
• Attaching your file is also a requirement